Captiva Conglomerate Case Study Analysis

Major Facts: ?System specifications not clearly defined ?Contract wording is partial to S. O. Software ?Spares management module is a disaster ?Spares management module currently complicated and un-useable/outdated ? Spares management module behind schedule ?Regional and centralized inventory management system behind schedule ? S. O. Software depleted allotted financing ?The system software specifications were not drafted by S. O. Software personnel Major Problems: The contract was not reviewed by appropriate personnel prior to contract award ? The spares management module is 4 months behind schedule ? The spares management system requirements is a hassle ?The spares management module does not provide relevant data ? The regional and centralized inventory management system is 10 months late ? The contract calls for â€Å"best effort,† â€Å"whenever possible† ? The 1 million called for in the contract is used up ?17 un-priced change orders The specifications looked like they were drafted by SOS, but Jana (IT manager) had initialed each page Solutions: Best Solution: Contract Renegotiation and Restructure Advantages: ?Bring in the SME (Subject Matter experts) to relook the concepts behind the contract. Restructure the contract based on existing monies to provide the type of service required. While leverage the existing contract with the current vendor may cause for some additional funding it provides the current vendor a change to improve on its product.Providing the current vendor is agrees’ with the restructure this avenue is the most preferred in order minimize change and downtime of the current system. ?This approach allows the company to restate or clearly define the specifications, needs and current objectives, necessary to predict future cost and further invest the time, tools, and expertise necessary to ensure they get workable software systems. Disadvantages: ?The current vendor S. O.Software may not be un-able or willing to work wi th the company in order to re-negotiate the existing contract. ?A poorly executed re-negotiation strategy can destroy a valuable relationship which may hinder the company’s ability to move forward with the supplier. The negotiations approach must take on the altitude of a win-win situation in order to provide the company with a incentive to re-negotiation. Alternate Solution: T4C, Termination of Contract Advantages: ?Captiva Conglomerate is able to cut the losses with the S.O. Software Company; accurately re-define the specifications; provide an accurately cost analysis and procure a new company that is able to design a systems in accordance with the requirements within the allotted time while provide a customer service approach to address any issues that might arise. ?The ability to exit transactions with S. O. Software could have significant cost savings to Captiva Conglomerate rather than waiting for the contract to end and paying for poorly performed services. Disadvantag e: Depending on where the contract is currently in its life cycle stage may cause for compensation to S. O. Software that is sufficient to cover any loss of profits over the remaining project term. ?Termination will also damage the company’s reputation with current and future businesses world. ?The company may risk a trial or protest because of the foggy nature of the â€Å"best effort† verbiage generally demands a factual determination as to its meaning. IMPLEMENTATION: The first step would be to completely re-examine the software requirements and request a new specification document based on current needs.Secondly, I would implement an acquisition team to include program officers, contract specialist, IT personnel, finance, legal and any other relevant personnel in order to devise a performance work statement (PWS) conducive to the program. Third, engage the S. O. Software regarding current issues and concerns regarding the existing contract (simply why we have a nee ded to relook the contract: i. e. , the two systems being 4mos and 10mos behind, constant changes to the specs which led to depleted funding), then propose the new contract in a manner and fashion that provides a win-win for all vested parties.

The Aquilealand Accounting Standard Board Accounting Essay

This intent of this study is to give advice on the development of an accounting criterion for employee benefits. Five different jobs sing employee benefits will be examined and each job will be related to an accounting construct. Recommendations will be suggested for these jobs every bit good. All employees work in outlook of being rewarded afterwards, or in progress in some instances. Beam and Mcfadden ( 2001 ) specify employee benefits as â€Å" all benefits and services, other than rewards for clip worked that are provided to employees in whole or in portion by their employers † . These benefits include ill foliages, medical disbursals, holiday fillips and many others. Therefore, it is necessary that there are certain regulations sing these benefits that will keep the rights of the employees. In the underdeveloped state of Aquilealand, we do non hold our ain conceptual model, and hence we adopt the IASB ‘s model. Aquilealand Accounting Standards Board should use a new criterion for employee benefits and this will be used by all companies in Aquilealand. There are several jobs refering employee benefits which need to be looked into in deepness, some of them will be discussed in the undermentioned paragraphs.Problem ( 1 ) : Recognition of net incomes and losi ngss originating from program assetsOne of the jobs mentioned during the making the accounting criterion for Aquilealand is the acknowledgment of expected return of program assets. In the attack V IASB expected return should be recognized and excluded from the assets service cost. However, anticipation of any future return involves a large sum of uncertainness ( Pastor, 2001 ) . Harmonizing to Pastor it is really difficult to foretell expected return even utilizing mathematical theoretical accounts objectively. The ground is that subjectiveness and opinion have a large impact on this procedure ( Pastor, 2001 ) . This fact is interrupting the objectiveness construct of the Regulatory Framework. Harmonizing to this construct, histories should be free of opinion and should be measured by all people in the same manner ( Alexander et Al ) . In add-on, acknowledgment of expected return, which is unfulfilled return, may be misdirecting information for the users of fiscal statements. As it is non possible to extinguish the opinion factor in the procedure of computation of expected return, companies should non recognize the expected return on program assets until it is truly gained. That will forestall the breakage of the objectiveness construct. This may besides assist to supply more accurate information about the fiscal state of affairs of the company to the users of fiscal statements. Merely realized return on program assets should be recognized. In add-on, companies should be required to unwrap the information about alteration of program plus in the one-year study ; non as the portion of the statement of comprehensive income but as a separate subdivision.Problem ( 2 ) : DisclosuresThere are three basic affairs that can be of import to be disclosed in fiscal statements. First, explain in inside informations the characteristics and hazards connected with its defined benefit programs. Next, show the consequence of defined benefit programs on the entity ‘s f uture hard currency flow and which related to timing, uncertainty and sums. Finally, explain the numerical information that is involved in the fiscal statements bring forthing from its defined benefits program ( PWC, 2011 ) . However, there are many demands for revelations which might be hard to use. A company has to supply elaborate information about the fiscal events in order to run into three things because the users of fiscal statements need to measure numerical information ( KPMG, 2011 ) . Furthermore, sensitivity analysis revelation is given simply on the defined benefit duty, although IASB provinces that, ‘sensitivity analysis on the net defined benefit liability ( assets ) ‘ can be more utile. However, it is far more hard and complicated to transport out ( ibid. ) . Furthermore, revelations for multi-employer programs are presently extended because more information linked with multi- employer should be disclosed such as support agreement ( PWC, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to the materiality construct, fiscal statements are prepared to function the users to do the right determination. Therefore, all information that may impact their determination should be involved in fiscal statements. As a consequence, revelation rule is significantly associated with materiality because all the quantitative and qualitative information should be involved in fiscal statement such as accounting policies and important events ( Jan, O. , 2010 ) . As mentioned before, there are some recommendations that should be considered for employee benefits revelation. First, the companies required to unwraping the of import information involved in fiscal statements to fulfill the external users and assist them to understand information and do right determination ( PWC, 2013 ) . In add-on, the companies should utilize narrative description of fiscal information such as liabilities fiting so the readers can understand written information.Problem ( 3 ) : Termination benefitsBased on the definition in IAS 19, expiration benefits are the benefits for those employees whose employments are voluntarily or involuntarily terminated before the normal retirement day of the month. Therefore, expiration benefits should be recognized as a liability and an disbursal in entity ‘s fiscal study. For case, voluntary expiration benefits should be recognized when they are provided as ‘a consequence of an offer made in order to promote voluntary re dundancy ‘ ( Alexander, Britton & A ; Jorissen, 2011: 525 ) . On the other manus, as the name implies, nonvoluntary expiration benefits should be recognized when the employment is terminated involuntarily, such as dismissal. However, for acknowledgment in fiscal accounting, it is indispensable to foremost make up one's mind when and how much it should be recognized. Therefore, the disbursal of the expiration benefits should be able to be expressed in money, which is besides known as one of the fiscal accounting conventions named ‘monetary measuring ‘ ( Alexander, Britton & A ; Jorissen, 2011 ) . Furthermore, besides the sum to acknowledge, it is besides necessary to find the clip to acknowledge. For case, to acknowledge the nonvoluntary expiration benefits every bit shortly as the employees are cognizant of the expiration or at the clip they leave the entity should be regulated. Based on the counsel of fiscal accounting conventions, the sum and the clip for the acknowledgment could be easy determined. First, taking history of the pecuniary measuring convention, entity should guarantee the expiration benefits in its dismissal program could be measured. Similarly, the benefits included in the offer that entity provides for voluntary expiration should besides be mensurable. Furthermore, harmonizing to the accumulations convention, the disbursal of the entity should be recognized and recorded every bit shortly as the use of the disbursal is determined ( Alexander, Britton & A ; Jorissen, 2011 ) . Therefore, nonvoluntary expiration benefits should be recognized at the clip when entity officially notice the employees affected in its dismissal program. However, for those who have exchanged their expiration benefits for future services, the liability of their benefits should be recognized over the future period. At last, voluntary expiration benefits should be recog nized when the employees accept the offer made in other to promote voluntary redundancy.Problem ( 4 ) : Post-employment benefitsPost-employment benefits means the staff Begin having retirement benefits, for illustration, retirement benefits and other post-employment benefits after completed an employment relationship ( BDO, 2013 ) . Besides, there are two classs of post-employment benefits programs. One is defined part programs, another is defined benefit programs ( ibid. ) . In general, DCP ( which stand for defined part programs ) means employees ‘ retirement program benefits was reserved financess from the company ‘s one-year net income ( Investopedia, n.d. ) . Accounting intervention is comparatively simple. But the duties undertaken of the employee is non rather clear. Therefore, the item of the handling is the employer ought to do the part towards the present service and have no duty to give excess part for past service ( Towers Watson, n.d. ) . For DBP ( which sta nd for defined benefit programs ) , it is a retirement program that employee benefits are classified harmonizing to a expression utilizing factors such as length of service and salary history, which was sponsored by the employer ( Investopedia, n.d. ) . Harmonizing to Towers Watson [ n.d. ] , owing to actuarial additions and losingss and anterior service costs are deferred, ensuing in the pension liability that are non really required to bear the duties. The solution is instantly acknowledgment of actuarial additions and losingss and anterior service cost. The undermentioned specific patterns are: canceling actuarial additions and losingss utilizing the corridor attack, take actuarial additions and losingss that are recognized in net income and loss commissariats and necessitate all actuarial additions and losingss should be recognized instantly in other comprehensive income ( OCI ) . Furthermore, past service cost should non be deferred amortisation and besides necessitate to be re cognized instantly when incurred ( ibid. ) . Besides IAS 19 alterations in the method of look, service cost and net involvement income or disbursal recognized in net income or loss, Re-measurable part recognized in OCI ( BDO, 2013 ) .Problem ( 5 ) : Immediate acknowledgmentImmediate acknowledgment in other comprehensive income will hold an impact on organisations which recognizes additions and losingss at the same time in net income and loss. The standard requires acknowledgment of defined benefit duty and program assets in the statement of comprehensive income and in the statement of fiscal place. Harmonizing to IASB, ‘immediate acknowledgment provides more relevant information to users of fiscal statements and provides more faithful representation of the fiscal consequence of defined benefit programs ‘ ( KPMG 2011, p 5 ) . There are some looks of immediate acknowledgment which eliminated by AASB as the criterion of employee benefits. Among them are past service cost and disposal costs and other disbursals. As an illustration of immediate acknowledgment jobs, past service costs will be explained in item. Past service costs used to depict service costs different from current service costs and additions or losingss on the colony. It is defined as ‘the alteration in the present value of the defined benefit duty for the employee service provided in anterior periods ( KPMG, 2011: 18 ) . We should specify whether past service costs is positive or negative. When the alterations improve employee benefits, it is positive ( Deloitte, 2011 ) . While it is negative if the alteration consequences in decrease of the bing benefits ( ibid ) . The following measure is to acknowledge them into the entities ‘ fiscal statements. Harmonizing to the prudence concept footing, it is besides necessary to describe the accounting minutess. Therefore, the method used to acknowledge a vested yesteryear service costs should differ from the one used to acknowledge an unvested yesteryear service costs. Based on the consistence concept footing, it states that ‘accounting methods one time adopted must be applied systematically in future ‘ ( Jan, I. , 2012 ) . Therefore, the accounting intervention for both vested and unvested yesteryear service costs should be severally kept the same in several accounting periods. As it has been shown in the old paragraph, we recommend that the methods used to acknowledge vested and unvested yesteryear service cost should be different. Vested past service costs should be recognized instantly while ‘unvested past service costs should be recognized on a straight-line footing over the staying vesting period ‘ ( Ernst and Young, 2011: 4 ) . Furthermore, the methods used to acknowledge past service costs should follow a consistence footing. To reason, the Aquilealand Accounting Standard Board examined jobs sing employee benefits such as: acknowledgment of net incomes and loss originating from program assets, revelations, expiration benefits, post employment benefits, and immediate acknowledgment. Each of these jobs relates to an accounting construct, and recommendations were suggested in order to make a suited criterion that fit a state which has an active stock market.

China in Its Role as a Donor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

China in Its Role as a Donor - Essay Example However, in the recent two-three years, emerging economies like China, India, Brazil, Kuwait, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia and Korea have started paying significant roles as international donors. These emerging countries have started changing the scenario of world development assistance by encouraging a shift in the sources of global aid and donations from the DAC countries to the non DAC countries. In the last decade, the roe of China as a global donor has been highly visible, especially because of the increasing magnitude of its contributions and the differentiated manner in which the country donates for the foreign aid purposes. This report is prepared with the aim of discussing the role of China as a donor in the global development assistance domain and also to appraise the ways in which China has brought in new dimensions in the global aid and development programs in this century. In the present era, the donations for global development governance are characterized by equal impacts and contributions from both the DAC and non DAC donors (Zimmermann and Smith, 2011). The new geographical areas like Middle East and Asia pacific have started developing as significant donors in this domain. The donors operating for the development of the global governance can be categorized in two main sections. The first section is the traditional section of donors which include the members of the OECD countries which are commonly called the DAC countries and operate under the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) which has been established within the OEC exclusively for the purpose of assistance. The other section of donors encompasses the emerging donor economies in the Asia Pacific and Middle Eastern regions of the world (Woods, 2008).

Appendicitis A Medical Perspective Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Appendicitis A Medical Perspective - Case Study Example Despite the belief that appendicitis is a disease that contains minimal health risk, it may still require extensive knowledge for a better medical management of such condition. The definite source for appendicitis is never truly established. Appendix, as mentioned earlier, is an appendage of the colon with no specific function. Contrary to this point, some literature asserts that the appendix is a pouch-like portion that serves as an immune function in young adults--protecting the body against invading microorganisms (Balch 2006, 207). Such theory lends little credit as to why this area is commonly infected itself. With its hollow shape, many believe that in the process of waste disposal, fecal products may fill the space in the appendix and when trapped, disrupts its natural function (Mayo Clinic Staff 2009). The disruption causes it to swell and be pus-filled as an effort to dispel the unwanted contents. On the other hand, the source of infection may come from foreign viral invasion in the alimentary canal (Lewis 2007). Viral infection stimulates the body’s defense, prompting antibodies in the scene in order to flush out viral microorganisms. This consequently results in inflammation, hence, appendicitis. Detection of appendicitis is not as easy as it sounds. Ample knowledge and experience by the medical staff are necessary for accurate clinical diagnosis. The classic physical diagnostic parameters to determine appendicitis are the following: â€Å"pain, nausea or vomiting, sensitivity ... (on) the appendix, and fever† (Hecht 2004, 30). However, such signs and symptoms are also common among other abdominal diseases. Hence, further diagnostic measures should be employed in accurately identifying appendicitis. An article clearly illustrated several methods of assessing the pain elicited with several movements.

Topic related to Native American Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Topic related to Native American Culture - Essay Example On this basis, this essay will discuss the common characteristics of the Native American culture and also highlight on the history of the Native American flute. To start with, the way of life of the different Native Americans was dictated by the climate and natural resources present at the areas they inhabited. According to the American Indian Heritage Foundation, Native Americans share a principle that emphasizes care of the land and respect for nature (1). In this respect, the Native Americans adopted a lifestyle that promoted conservation of nature and natural resources. Therefore, the Native American culture differed depending on the natural resources available to specific communities. For instance, some communities living in forested regions, relied on hunting and gathering for their living while others, living in the highlands, depended on farming practices. However, it is worth pointing out that some elements of the Native American culture were eroded by European settlers, who colonized and exploited the indigenous American communities. Before colonization, the Native Americans shifted their ways of life to conform to the changing se asons based on the environment they occupied (National Humanities Center 1). Interestingly, the Native Americans shared common values in relation to family setups. In reality, the family structures of the Native Americans varied widely but there exist common core values and beliefs (National Association of School Psychologists 1). To begin with, many Native American families are ‘big’. Traditionally, most families were extended in nature, comprising of nuclear and extended family members living in a close proximity. Moreover, according to the National Association of School Psychologists, the Native Americans possessed high fertility rates hence increased prevalence of single mothers resulting from out of wedlock childbirth (1).

Obesity in Kuwait Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Obesity in Kuwait - Research Paper Example Data taken on the temporal changes in BMI and prevalence of obesity are even more so (Al†Asi). Women in Kuwaiti have been exposed to extreme physical as well as social variations in society in the past few years, and there has not been any study of this nature that has been carried out on them (Al†Asi). The main aim of this study is to respectively explore temporal changes in mean prevalence of obesity and BMI between the two independent samples of 1171 and1705 women of Kuwait between the ages of 18 years and older that were studied in1980-1981 and 1993-1994 (Al-Mahroos). 3- In Kuwaiti, white rice is the staple food both in the past and currently. It is believed that people in Kuwait take white rice once or twice in a day mostly for lunch and at times for dinner too (El-Bayoumy). Though there is no data on the average consumption of rice, data on the population consumption of the intake of rice is not available, data suggests that 17%of total energy available is consumed from white rice (El-Bayoumy) 1- There were two independent studies that were used to analyze and compare the temporal changes in the prevalence of obesity and BMI among the women in Kuwaiti BMI (Al-Awadi).The first study was a national study of 1171 women which was completed in 1980-1981 as it dealt mainly with the â€Å"Nutrition Status Assessment of Adults.† The second study to be carried out was a cross-sectional study of 1705 women which was completed in 1993-1994 and it was based on assessing the prevalence of obesity among Kuwaitis (Al-Awadi). The sample carried out between 1980-1981 sample of 1171 women was gotten from 17 randomly selected primary health care from the clinics situated in all of Kuwaiti five regions and sampling was taken randomly in accordance to the Kuwaiti’s population sex ratio (El-Bayoumy). The samples were divided among the clinics and the division was defined proportionally by the size of the area that was reserved by each of

English Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

English Class - Essay Example Nevertheless, my visit to the museum was an enriching experience which had me asking for more. The museum leaves no stones unturned to make you feel that you were there when it all happened. With the help of personal audio equipment, there is a touch of reality to the whole experience. There is a lot more to see at the museum. There are various events, programs, tours, lectures, films that talk about the stories of many Holocaust survivors. The exhibition is a single true story, the story of Jay Ipson and his family and how they survived the Kovno Ghetto in Lithuania and settled in Richmond after World War II . â€Å"The museum was built with children in mind†, says Ipson. â€Å"They can relate so much better to the single story†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.six million is just incomprehensible to them.† The outside of the building has an intimidating appearance with brown brick with bright green boarded up windows. All in all, the visit to this museum is a very moving education al experience! The museum puts in a lot of effort to educate the people and promote tolerance towards each and everyone, irrespective of their nationality, religion, race, sex or creed. We cannot turn a blind eye to the humble motive behind the origination of this museum. Therefore, there is a need to preserve this museum for the values it stands for. Established in 1997, Virginia holocaust museum is situated on 2000 East Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia and it is founded by Mark Fetter, Al Rosenbaum, and one of Richmond’s youngest Holocaust survivors, Jay Ipson. In an effort to preserve and educate the people on the atrocities of the Holocaust of World War II, the museum strives on a two-fold mission: to educate young people about the Holocaust and at the same time combat intolerance and anti-Semitism. Keeping this mission in mind, â€Å"Teaching Tolerance Through Education† was initiated. Initially, the museum occupied the unused rooms of the Temple Beth El in Richmon d, Virginia. The museum, then quickly flourished and by 2000, it had its own space. An old tobacco warehouse in historic Shockoe Bottom donated by the Virginia State Legislature became the new house of the Virginia Holocaust Museum. The dedication of this new site was done during Yom Ha'Shoah v'Ha'Gvruah in April, 2003, the day which is known as the Day of Remembrance and Heroism. During the pre-war Kovno, there were about 40,000 Jews, out of which only 3,000 survived. Thousands of children lost their lives in the Kovno Ghetto. Deportation and malnutrition contributed to the deaths of so many lives. Ipson’s sister was one of the children to face death during the war. In 1943, Ipson’s family managed to escape from their ghetto with the help of a local farmer. The poor Catholic Polish farmer had nothing to gain from them nor they had anything to offer to him, nevertheless, he helped them because he knew what the Germans were doing was wrong. This is a perfect example of expression of humanity, regardless of race, religion, caste or creed. One of the interesting exhibitions at the museum is the recreation of the chapter of their lives wherein they escape through the barbed wire of their ghetto. The museum, today boasts of 28 exhibits. â€Å"The Ipson Saga,† is an interesting tale of the Museum Director and founder, Jay M Ipson, which documents his and his family’s story from pre-war Lithuania, their escape and eventually their liberation. Right in front of the building sits a German cattle car

Chemical Substances Fungicides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Chemical Substances Fungicides - Essay Example As the paper highlights fungicides work include the following; there are specific fungicides that impairs synthesis of the genetic material in fungi thus avoiding synthesis of major fungi constituents that are necessary for life, enzyme and other cell components are not produced and eventually the cells die .Another group of fungi are known hinder electron transport system which is essential for the physiological function of the fungi like the oxidative phosphorilation, an important process in respiration. Inhibition of protein synthesis is also a way in which fungicides arrest the fungal growth, this indicates that it stops the all important processes of transcription and translation hence death results. Membrane synthesis can also affected making the fungi cells vulnerable to the process of osmosis that is, the selective nature of the membrane ceases and the cells suffers lysis.Mitosis and cell division of the fungi can also be affected leading to no propagation of the pathogens, t his leads to reduction of the fungi population, in this case the propagative spores are affected. Some fungicides have multisite effect; they affect almost all parts of the fungi including the mycelium that are used by the fungi to absorb materials for their use, water being an example. From this study it is clear that even though the use of fungicides has become popular in increasing crop production in terms of quantity and quality, it should be clearly noted that when consumed, they have a devastating effect on human; some chemicals used to make the fungicides are carcinogenic and can induce chaotic division of cells resulting into tumours.They are also toxic and can lead to chronic or acute poisoning depending on the lethal dose of the fungicides. Long time exposures to the chemicals have also been known to cause sterility.

Appendicitis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Appendicitis - Case Study Example Appendicitis causes a series of symptoms in a patient, out of which the primary symptom is an acute radiating pain that extends from the naval towards the right side of the lower abdomen. This severity of the pain may worsen when the patient coughs or makes some sharp movements. The other symptoms are vomiting accompanied with high fever. The abdomen gets bloated and sometimes constipation or  diarrhoea  may occur (Karriem-Norwood, 2014). Patient with the above symptoms must get immediate medical attention as appendicitis when not treated in a timely manner may be fatal. When the lumen (inner wall of the appendix) gets obstructed, inflammation of the appendix occurs. This obstruction may occur due to some bacterial infection, cancer, or faecal matter. As a result, the appendix gets filled with puss cells that swell and create pressure within the inner wall of the appendix. This pressure may cause blood clot within the blood vessels and make the lymphatic vessels which carry lymph to the heart becomes inactive (â€Å"Appendicitis,† 2014). The symptoms of appendicitis may be misleading because other diseases like urinary infection, gall bladder infection, intestinal infection, gastritis and gynaecological problems may also result in extremely similar signs and symptoms of appendicitis (Marks, 2014). Careful and timely diagnosis is very important. Thorough investigation of patient history and physical examination may sort out the problem. The doctor may physically examine the patient by applying gentle pressure on the painful region of the abdomen which will worsen the pain as a sign of infection in the peritoneum (tissue that builds the inner wall of the abdomen and supports most of the organs in the abdomen) (â€Å"Diseases and Conditions – Appendicitis,† 2014). Blood test may be taken to examine the level of White Blood Corpuscles (WBC) in the blood. Whenever there is an infection in any part of the human body, the WBC in the blood multiplies

Financial Statement Analysis of Square Pharmaceuticals Essay Example for Free

Financial Statement Analysis of Square Pharmaceuticals Essay I hope and elieve that you will be kind enough to consider any types of mistakes that occurred at the time of preparing this proposal. Thank you. Yours sincerely, Roll : 24040 Executive Summary A few comments on the organization and content of the report may be helpful to reader. In doing so, we realize that some topics may be more important to some reader then to other. For that reason we some advanced material (e. g. questionnaires) appears in appendices. Our goal is to help the reader who must compare financial position of these two companies. First we focused on the essential element of this report. We have included here the introduction of this report, objectives of the report, findings, methodology, so that the reader can get ideas easily. The second part is very important from the sense of this report. Here we have given our recommendation of the report. We have tried out level best to give the commendation neutrally. It also contains the conclusion of this report. Contents: Topic Page Introduction Objective of the Report Limitation of the Study Literature 2 Analysis 4 Summary and Conclusion 11 Introduction: Financial Statement includes the Balance Sheet, Income statement and other tatement which determine the companys performance. Financial ratio analysis is the calculation and comparison of ratios which are derived from information in companys financial statements. Financial ratios are the analysts microscope. It allowed them to get a better view of the firms financial health than Just looking at the raw financial statements. Objective of the Report This term paper is prepared under submitted as a major requirement of the Financial Accounting Course. Financial Accounting provides the facts needed to make informed economic as well as operational control. Limitation of the study is about: ) Based on only secondary source of data b) Time bound restrict me for further research on the topic c) possible to analyze every ratio of the financial statement There is not Literature: Financial Ratio: Financial ratios are useful indicators of a firms performance and financial situation. Financial ratios can be used to analyze trends and to compare the firms financials to those of other firms. Current Ratio Current ratio is the ratio of current assets of a business to its current liabilities. It is the most widely used test of liquidity of a business and measures the ability of a usiness to repay its debts over the period of next 12 months. Current ratio is calculated using the following formula: Current Ratio = Current Assets Current Liabilities Receivables Turnover Ratio An accounting measure used to quantify a firms effectiveness in extending credit as well as collecting debts. The receivables turnover ratio is an activity ratio, measuring how efficiently a firm uses its assets. Receivables turnover ratio = Net receivable sales/ Average accounts receivables Inventory Turnover A ratio showing how many times a companys inventory is sold and replaced over a period. The days in the period can then be divided by the inventory turnover formula to calculate the days it takes to sell the inventory on hand or inventory turnover days. Inventory Turnover = Cost of Goods Sold Average Inventory Asset Turnover : The amount of sales generated for every dollars worth of assets. It is calculated by dividing sales in dollars by assets in dollars. Asset Turnover Ratio = Net Sales Average Total Assets Return On Asset: An indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets.

An Effective Communication Tool Marketing Essay

An Effective Communication Tool Marketing Essay This essay will explain the various communication tools that Cadbury has used in communicating the desired position to target market and will describe two TV ads communication campaign and online game communication campaign, meanwhile evaluate the company has effectively communicated the desired position based on these campaigns. A part from that, Cadbury has used three communication mix, advertising, sales promotion, and public relations. Cadbury, provides one of the most successful example of how an advertising message can be modified from one campaign to the next to attribute new values to a brand giving consumers more reasons to buy Cadbury, the same creative message is then communicated through point of sale, merchandising, package design and public relations. Cadbury always look at creative and commercial success separately. It started with a drumming gorilla, the most successful advert of 2007. The video went viral on the internet, as users posted it on video-sharing sites and e-mailed friends. It also, if less memorably, boosted sales of Daily Milk by 9 per cent, helping Cadbury to reverse its fortunes after the confectioner had lost market position and was suffering from the fallout of a salmonella scare and also created bad public relations. Now Cadbury is hoping to repeat the trick with a new  £3.7 million campaign to come up with the third in its series of adverts for Cadbury. This advertising also can co nsider as reminder advertising because it keeps consumer thinking about the brand. The advert features two children, a boy and a girl wearing a dress in the trademark Cadbury purple sitting for what appears to be a standard school photograph session. The fun starts when the photographers light testing is interrupted by a ringing phone. The alarm phone from the boys digital wrist watches transform into a full blown remix of the 1980s Freestyle hit, Dont Stop the Rock. Two mischievous children performing bizarre eyebrow dance moves to an electro-funk soundtrack. One-minute television and cinema advertisement for Cadbury chocolates is thought to have been viewed more than four million times on YouTube in its first three weeks. The commercial, released in the UK on January 23, has the potential to hook a new generation of fans while attracting the attention of those coming of age in the mid 1980s. Based on research (), it is twice the number of viewings racked up at the same stage by the firms previous cult clip, in which a gorilla plays drums. According to YouTube, Cadbury Gorilla Advert in 2007 has 5 million viewers and Eyebrows Advert has 7 million of viewers, this is a huge amount of increased and it also leads customer awareness about Cadbury. This advertisement brings a message content that consists emotional appeal because the idea is to create an antidote to the gloom to make consumers smile, a minute and a half of joy, and enjoyable as the product. The manager wants to ensure that this antidote is spread as far and wide. Therefore, Cadbury paid for 40 per cent of the population to see 60 per cent recognized it and this came from digital exposure. First came the e-mails among friends linking to YouTube clips, them came to remixes and the spoofs. It is edging up to one million views and at one point it was the third-most-watched clip on the website, behind Barack Obamas inauguration speech. Despite consumer goods marketing traditionally using the persuasion model (buy this because it works/tastes good). Cadbury believes that less direct advertising creates curiousity, such as the gorilla campaign, is most effective. The old Gorilla drumming ads is probably made people feel a bit curious, people probably wondered if it was actually a trained monkey or a man in a suit. People might or might not have noticed it was for Cadburys chocolates, and if people did think like this, people might also have wondered why a drumming gorilla should make people want to buy chocolate. All these thoughts are Cadburys objectives to create reminder of the brand to the publicity. Eyebrows is a simple form of advertisement, most people smile when look at the idea, and that was the strongest indicator that Cadbury were on to something. In my opinion, Eyebrows is the new Glass and A Half Full Production from Cadbury Dairy Milk which will bring a smile to our consumers and customer. The Eyebrows campaign will be fully supported through the line with a large Digital and Public Relations campaign which will raise a few Eyebrows and lots of smile throughout the time the campaign is on air. Sales promotion is the second communication tools used by Cadbury. Cadbury developed a website game that provides education to children with sales promotion at the same time. Traditionally, parents buy Freddo as treats for kids, brand awareness campaigns have been aimed at these parents, hoping they would continue to choose Freddo frogs based on passive advertising, TV and print. From an awareness point of view these campaigns worked, as awareness was at 99%. However, sales were on the decline. The reason is when it comes to treats today, parents still buy but it is the kids who choose. Therefore, Cadbury starts to develop a unique brand entertainment channel for Freddo to again create a deeper awareness because people do not aware of the existence of Freddo game. First, Cadbury will identify the target customer which is the parents and the children to remind them Cadbury Freddo is one of the choices to purchase as a gift. In my opinion, Cadbury is using determine communication objectives to convince the consumer to buy their product. Cadbury stopped marketing the brand product, chocolate frogs; and started marketing the brand character, Freddo. Freddo leaping onto the internet and inspiring children to learn new skills online developed under the theme of edu-tainment. Cadbury engaged teachers and child psychologists to bring this experience to life. In addition, they also give knowledge to the consumer and children to make them like the video game. The video game called The Adventures of Freddo one and two, the adventures of Freddo website featuring animated storytelling, games and activities for young consumers. It has already attracted 160,000 registered players for the first episode of adventures of Freddo in 2009. It allows children beings to explore Freddo online world they will uncover the first animated adventure The Secret of the Golden Keys. Freddo, along with his friends Ashley, Hannah and Zac, set off on a quest through time to save their teacher Professor Jeffrey and defeat the monster Cane Toad Goaf. In my opinion, Cadbury are trying to make the children prefer Cadbury Freddo brand compare to the others brands and trying to get them into conviction and make them to play the game or purchase the Cadbury Freddo Chocolate. The adventures of Freddo Two (The Mystery of Slater Island) followed the successful of first online adventure of Freddo the Frog. So now, Australias iconic chocolate frog is back for a second season. Launching in the March 2010 school holidays The Adventures of Freddo of the Mystery of Slater Island introduces exciting characters and an engaging new way to become part of Freddos universe. Once again, kids are along for the ride; completing immersive, educational games and activities that are sewn right into the storyline. Cadbury also developed a 31 seconds tv advertisement that brings emotional appeal showing a story about Freddo Prince Frog. This TV advertisement has launched during shared family viewing times in the daytime and afternoon. In my point of view, Cadbury are using reminder advertising to keeps consumer thinking about Freddo. The reward of the game and TV ads has been massive growth in brand. The result shows that over 200,000 kids registered, 500,000 episodes watched, 3,000,000 games played, over 30,000,000 minutes spent on the site and 25% sale increased. However, the Adventures of Freddo website has attracted criticism, it upset the health lobby who see it as promoting chocolate products to children. The Coalition on Food Advertising to Children disputed Cadburys assessment of the campaign and said there were loopholes in the self-regulatory code. They concluded that the marketing its use of interactive games to lure children into the branded environment. Cadbury argues that the advertising messaging did not undertake direct marketing of foods to children. Marketing activity to promote was targeted at parents. Parents are the gatekeepers. Kids are unable to go on the website without parents registering the kids. . In my opinion, the game and TV ads create or increases pester power of buying Cadbury Freddo chocolate. The third communication tools used by Cadbury are Public Relations. Cadbury has the art of building good corporate relation with the number of public including society. The first tools that used in the practice of public relations are creating event and giveaways. The Cadbury Freddo Roadshow at Auckland Zoo, children learn all about New Zealands four endangered species of native frogs, and how to help to save them. Every visitor to the Freddo Frog Roadshow will receive an educational booklet for further studies. The second tools are sponsorship. Cadbury receive many requests every day for donations and support. One of the examples is Learning Links. Learning Links is an Australia charity and non-profit organisation formed to help children who have learning disabilities, difficulties and development delays and their families. Cadbury also used public relations to counter poor publicity. For example the Adventure of Freddo game has attracted criticism from some quarters of the health lobby for targeting young children with chocolate. Internet marketing is renowned for its use of interactive games to lure children into the branded environment. Cadbury explains to the community that the site is an example of responsible marketing to children with no chocolate featured on the site. It does not market to children under 12. They are just creating an educational game for children who are under 12. Cadbury also provides identity media such as Freddo cartoon tattoo to children as a gift for purchasing a packet of Cadbury Freddo. In the other hand, Cadbury also created bad public relations in 2006. A rare strain of the Salmonella bacteria is detected and it affecting seven of its products, it has been caused by a leaking pipe. The Health Protection Agency established that 37 people, many of them young children had become ill after eating infected chocolate. More than a million of chocolate bars recalled. This creates bad public relations to the publicity. http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article5634660.ece http://www.aglassandahalffullproductions.co.nz/milk-chocolate/cadbury-advert.html Theory http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/4634737/Dancing-eyebrows-advert-for-Cadburys-becomes-a-hit.html Cadbury Eyebrows Raised in Electric Boogaloo http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/media/article5634660.ece ADD THE PROVE of eyebrows has increase the number of viewer comparing with the godrila and truck add. (DONE) Provide the public relations has increase the awareness ? Based on research (), the message that wants to bring to the public from this advertisement is Over at Glass and a Half Full Productions we noticed that wriggly potential of eyebrows and thought we would have a bit of fun with them, said the Cadbury marketing director. In addition, like the other production Eyebrows is all about losing yourself and embracing that moment of joyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦after all, everybody remembers pulling a silly face or getting up to no good as a child when backs were turned.

Pride And Prejudice :: essays research papers

Overcoming Pride and Prejudice through Maturity and Self- Understanding Jane Austen, born in Steventon, England, in 1775, began to write the original manuscript of Pride and Prejudice, entitled First Impressions, which was completed by 1797, but was rejected for publication. The work was rewritten around 1812 and published in 1813 as Pride and Prejudice. During Austen’s career, Romanticism reached its zenith of acceptance and influence, while Pride and Prejudice displays little evidence on the Romantic movement, it also reveals no awareness of the international upheavals and consequent turmoil in England that took place during Austen’s lifetime. The society of Jane Austen’s era is a stratified one, in which class divisions are rooted in family connections and wealth. Austen is often critical of the assumptions and prejudices of upper- class England and her novels distinguish between internal merit and rank or possessions. The central concern of this â€Å"comedy of manners† is Mrs. Bennet's dogged efforts to find suitable husb ands for her daughters. The amiable Jane and the gentle Bingley are almost drawn to each other. In contrast, the arrogant, insolent, conceited Mr. Darcy and the spontaneous, high- spirited, vivacious Elizabeth have several encounters of a battle of wits throughout the novel. Austen studies social relationships in the limited society of a country neighborhood and investigates them in detail with an often ironic and humorous eye. The significance of the title helps determine the actions of the two main characters and thereby the course of the plot. â€Å"Pride† is an unrealistic exaggeration of one’s importance. Prejudice prevents people from judging others according to their real merits. Both pride and prejudice are moral distortions and prevent the individual from seeing things as they really are. Marked by an elegant structure, and sharp satire, Pride and Prejudice encompasses the primary theme that maturity is achieved through the loss of illusion, particularly perta ining to the relationships between the witty yet prejudiced Elizabeth Bennet and the cultured yet prideful Fitzwilliam Darcy. Throughout the novel, Austen satirizes the manners of all classes, exposing people who have excessive pride as rude and often foolish, regardless of wealth or station. While the terms of pride and prejudice pertain particularly to Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth, there are other characters as well that portray these traits as well. Austen uses Mr. Collins as an extreme example of how excessive pride can affect one’s manner. In Mr. Collin’s case, he prides himself on his sense of respectability, his profession, and his association with Lady Catherine.

Public Relations and Democratic Communication Essays -- Democratic Com

Consider the arguments for and against the view that Public Relations enhance democratic communication. While democratic communication influenced by many different factors, especially in capitalist society, the elites represents as dominant groups that have more opportunities to express their voice. Among to the rest, Public Relations play an important role in the communication between public and different organizations. The core of this essay is based on the debate of whether Public Relations enhance democratic communication. This paper will mainly divide into three sections. Firstly, the discussion on the main question will focus on if the public relations have beneficially effects on democratic communication; secondly, the discussion will be the neutrality opinion about the relationship between public relations and democracy communication; thirdly, the reasons why the theorists considering the public relations reinforce the democratic communication will be listed. The primary hypothesis of this debate is Public Relations have beneficial effects on democratic communication. Public Relations mainly target on public, which through spinning and lobby group work to promote the image of political groups, corporate and other organizations, and then release the stress relationship between public and groups. In the beginning of twentieth century, the emergence of public relations was for getting on well with the speed of commercial development, as what Stanley Kelley describe, this group is ‘a class of professional propagandists’ (Stanley Kelley: 1956, p.16). However, in nowadays, this group of people actively can be found among political groups, advertising purposes and marketing issues etc. The members within professional ... ...002) Public relations democracy: public relations, politics and the mass media in Britain Manchester University Press pp47 Miller, D & Dinan, W (2007) ‘Public Relations and the Subversion of Democracy’ cited in Miller, D & Dinan, W (eds.) Thinker, Faker, Spinner, Spy: Corporate PR and the Assault on Democracy, London: Pluto Press Moloney, K (2006a) Rethinking Public Relations, 2nd edition, London: Routledge Kavanagh (1995) cited in Davis, Aeron (2002) Public relations democracy: public relations, politics and the mass media in Britain Manchester University Press Neill (1998) appeared in Davis, Aeron (2002) Public relations democracy: public relations, politics and the mass media in Britain Manchester University Press Miller, D & Dinan, W (2000) ‘The rise of the PR Industry in Britain, 1979-1998’ European Journal of Communication, 15(1): 5-35 pp. 13

total war Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"[B]oth sides had seen, in a sad scrawl of broken earth and murdered men, the answer to the question†¦.Neither race had won, nor could win, the War. The War had won, and would go on winning.†1 These are the words of Edmund Blunden, a British soldier who survived the Battle of the Somme, who came to the realization that nobody could claim victory in the twentieth-century mass warfare, because both winners and losers paid a high price. The new type of warfare launched in the twentieth-century had a great impact on the modern world that went beyond the immediate cost of casualties.2 The psychological, social, economic and technological effect these wars had on those who survived earned this type of conflict a new name: total war, which encompassed all aspects of life. Before 1914, Western society believed in progress, peace, prosperity, reason, and the rights of the individual. During that time, people believed in the Enlightenment, and industrial developments and scie ntific breakthroughs were a daily reality apparent in the rising standard of living. But World War I crushed all hopes and dreams. It plunged society in an age of anxiety and uncertainty in almost every area of human life. The social impact of total war was also profound. The role of women changed dramatically as the war greatly expanded their activities and changed attitudes towards them. This change was brought about by the total national readjustment and the mobilization of the home front. In order to wage unrestrained warfare, belligerents had to intervene in the economies, diverting production from peacetime goods to the manufacture of munitions and military equipment. Technological advances also took place, which increased the number of â€Å"mechanical contrivances†3 such as heavy artilleries, tanks, submarines, and airplanes, which made war an â€Å"untrammeled, absolute manifestation of violence†4 as Carl von Causewitz so eloquently put it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Total war marked the beginning of a revolution in thought and ideas, where turmoil, uncertainty, and pessimism replaced the cherished values and beliefs of peace, prosperity, and progress. Men and women in the West felt â€Å"increasingly adrift in a strange, uncertain and uncontrollable world.†5 In his essay â€Å"The Crisis of the Spirit† written in 1919, Paul Valà ©ry, one of France’s most outstanding poets, wrote that Europe â€Å"doubted itsel... ... wars because of the types of weapons used. Hand grenades, machine guns, poisonous mustard gas, tanks, submarines, and airplanes were introduced for the first time. During the Second World War strategic bombing was used, as well as the form of combat called blitzkrieg. The new type of warfare launched in the twentieth century called total war had a great impact on the modern world. It plunged society into an age of uncertainty and pessimism. It also had a devastating psychological effect on the soldiers that survived the war and returned home. In addition, unlimited conflict created a social impact that was seen in the increased participation of women in the economy, and their newly gained right to vote. The â€Å"all-out† war involved as well the massive mobilization of the home front and the establishment of the first totalitarian society. The introduction of machine guns, poisonous gases, tanks, submarines, and airplanes made total war extremely deadly. Hopefully, the lessons learned from the past major wars will be applied by today’s society, and efforts will be made to avoid at all costs another total war. World War I and World War II should remain to be the Wars to End All Wars.

Nursing As a Discipline Essay

Is nursing a discipline or just a profession? The term discipline describes the practise of training people to obey rules or a code of behaviour, so can nursing be placed under this classification? The term profession described as a paid occupation or a body of people engaged in a particular profession, so can nursing be placed under this classification? Yes nursing is a paid occupation, thus allowing it to be placed under the classification of nursing as a profession. However, nursing can also be placed under discipline as you are trained to obey a code of behaviour. Nursing as a discipline has interrelated relationships between nursing practice, knowledge and research and these relationships help to advance the discipline of nursing. Is nursing a profession or a discipline? The goal of the discipline is to expand knowledge about human experiences through creative conceptualisation and research, (Parse, R.R, 1999). The goal of the profession is to provide a service to humankind thro ugh living the art of science, (Parse, R.R, 1999). Through those definitions of the nursing discipline and the nursing profession, it can be seen that the nursing practice can be thought as a discipline or a profession. The discipline of nursing encompasses the knowledge in the extant framework and theories that are embedded in the totality and simultaneity paradigm, (Parse, R.R, 1999). The profession of nursing consists of person educated in the discipline of nursing according to nationally regulated defined and monitored standards, (Parse, R.R, 1999). You can see that nursing is both a profession and a discipline and you can see that there are interrelationships between nursing practice, knowledge and research. In nursing as a discipline you can see that there is an interrelationship between nursing practice, knowledge and research. It has been said that that understanding of knowledge base is essential for judgement and decision-making that occurs before, during, and after the actual tasks are preformed, (Evans, R.J, 2006). This shows that the relationship between nursing practice and knowledge is strong and can be seen in everyday practice. â€Å"An awareness of the relationship(s) between skil ls and other competencies is essential to understanding the complexity of the dynamics of nursing practice†, (Evans, R.J, 2006). This shows the importance of being able to back up the choices made with the knowledge and research. The relationship between knowledge and research is just as  important as the relationship between nursing practice and knowledge. Having that relationship allows for the knowledge to be gained by research and in the overall picture is allows for the interrelationship between nursing practice, knowledge and research to be seen by others that are not in the health care workforce. |A proposed model that builds on work by Benner, (1984), illustrated that nurses moves through a number of phases in nursing, from novice to expert. The authors here propose that the knowledge, skill and judgement possessed by the nurse also pass through the same phases. The skills implemented by a nurse are not performed contextually free. They are always supported by the knowledge acquired through basic and continuing education, experience, research findings, and intuition that nurses develop as they move through Benner’s levels of novice to expert. The performance of a skill cannot stand alone; it is always supported by the knowledge and judgement. The second part of the model revolves around the understanding that knowledge, judgement, and their skills and their interrelationship do no remain static. We believe that the knowledge, skill and judgement that nurses possess and display also change in a similar manner.| (Evans, R.J, 2006). This demonstrates that having this relationship in the nursing profession helps to advance it as a discipline. By having these relationships public within the nursing profession it shows that they know what they are doing. It gives a support when with the patients. These relationships help the families and carers of those we look after. The interrelationships between nursing practice, knowledge and research have helped advance nursing as a discipline but also keeping it within a profession. As the definition goes discipline is training of people to obey a code of behaviour, and that’s what the interrelationships between nursing practice, knowledge and research shows. Having these advancements plays a significant role on nurses and the nursing career as they give nurses a broader role within the workforce, as they are not just looking after pa tients and being there advocates, nurses are now showing their knowledge in their judgements and decision-makings. Overall, the nursing career can be classified as a profession as well as a discipline due to the interrelationship between nursing practice, knowledge and research. They have had a big role in the advancement of nursing as a discipline. Nurses now have the role of demonstrating their knowledge through their judgements  and decision-making within the nursing practice. By doing this they illustrate the large interrelationship between nursing practice, knowledge and research. References: Evans, R. J., & Donnelly, G. W. (2006). A model to describe the relationship between knowledge, skill, and judgment in nursing practice. Nursing Forum, 41(4), 150-7. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.utas.edu.au/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/195028141?accountid=14245 Bryant, R. B., Foley, E. R., & Percival, E. C., A.M. (2008). The role of RCNA in promoting transcultural nursing as a discipline of study, research, practice and management in australia. Contemporary Nurse : A Journal for the Australian Nursing Profession, 28(1), 3-11. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.utas.edu.au/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/203177534?accountid=14245 Parse, R.R, (1999), ‘Nursing: The discipline and the profession’, Vol. 12, No.4, PP. 275-276, viewed 8 May 2013, < http://nsq.sagepub.com.ezproxy.utas.edu.au/content/12/4/275.full.pdf>

The Professor Is a Dropout by Beth Johnson

The Professor is a Dropout â€Å"The Professor is a Dropout† by Beth Johnson is about a woman who was told she was retarded and her journey of becoming Dr. Lupe Quintanilla. Lupe, a Mexican native came to America young where in school she would be deemed as un-learnable (retarded), she dropped out of school in the first grade. Lupe continued her life, marrying and eventually started a family. When her children were deemed un-learnable as well she quickly took action to ensure they didn’t endure a similar fate.A very persistent Lupe was able to enroll in college; where she earned her doctoral degree. In Chapter seven of our textbooks we focus on purpose and tone. The reason for a particular passage is called the purpose. There are three common purposes; which are to inform, persuade or entertain. Figuring out the purpose of a passage can help the reader better determine the author’s reasoning for writing. Tone is the writer’s feelings towards the subject he or she is writing about. Simply put tone is the writer’s attitude.The purpose for â€Å"The Professor is a Dropout† is to inform and the tone is determined. I really enjoyed reading this story, because it’s very inspirational. I think Lupe is and was a very determined individual who would no longer accept what people told her all of her life. After reading this story it makes me want to work harder to lead by example. I believe that everyone is a capable of doing anything as long as they put forth an honest effort. Lupe in this story is prime examples that if you work hard, never give up and believe in yourself anything is possible.

Ethical Theories Chart Essay

Complete the chart below using information from the weekly readings and additional research if necessary. Include APA formatted in-text citations when applicable and list all references at the bottom of the page. Ethical Theory Utilitarianism Deontological Virtue ethics Definition â€Å"A system of ethics according to which the rightness or wrongness of an action should be judged by its consequences. The goal of utilitarian ethics is to promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number† (â€Å"Define Utilitarianism,† 2005). Utilitarianism is making a decision that benefits the most amount of people/society. Deontological means duty, honesty, promise keeping, and fairness no matter what the consequences are (Trevino & Nelson, 2011). â€Å"Virtue Ethics is a classification within Normative Ethics that attempts to discover and classify what might be deemed of moral character, and to apply the moral character as a base for one’s choices and actions.† (Gowdy, 2011). Ethical thinker associated with theoryThe ethical thinker/thinkers associated with utilitarianism are Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. Emmanuel Kant (Trevino & Nelson, 2011).Aristotle (Trevino & Nelson, 2011). Decision-making processThe decision making process is to Identify all of the possible stakeholders and what would be the consequences the  harms and benefits. Make a list of pro’s and con’s and the best ethical decision is one that is of the greater good for the most amount of people. The decision making process is figuring out what values and or obligations are important to you, and base your decision on what is right not what is best (Trevino & Nelson, 2011).The goal here is to be a good person because that is the type of person you wish to be and keep moral values or virtues in any action or decision. (Trevino & Nelson, 2011). Workplace exampleA few employees inform their boss that they do not feel comfortable working with a co-worker who was blamed for talking about confidential information, and the manager decided to terminate that employee’s employment. A workplace example would be telling your boss the truth even though you might get a fellow co-worker in trouble. If we see a person being sexually harassed on the job it is our moral responsibility to help them and follow through with our decision. This is a virtuous action. Reference: Define Utilitarianism. (2005). In New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy. Retrieved from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/utilitarianism Growdy, L. (2011). Virtue Ethics. Retrieved from http://www.ethicsmorals.com/ethicsvirtue.html Trevino, L., & Nelson, K. (2011). Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Utilitarianism. (n.d). In Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism

Katrina Possisble Solutions

Possible Solutions to prevent another Hurricane Katrina Sea gates are another option that have proven very affective in other areas of the world such as Holland, Britain, and Venice, which is also below sea level and has a large number of canals. Sea gates are simply giant air-filled walls that cut off water flow. These gates would most likely be placed on Lake Pontchartrain’s two narrow outlets and would be only be closed if a storm was approaching.Such structures have been considered since the 1960’s, but the idea was crushed in the late 1970’s because people feared the gates would disrupt marine life and sediment transportation. However this should not be an issue since the gates are open the majority of the time. The main hurdle is cost, ranging from $500 million to 1 billion Closing or covering certain canals is an option that would help prevent storm surges from reaching so far inland. Currently canals and channels can give storm surge direct access to inla nd neighborhoods.The Mississippi River Gulf Outlet [MRGO] is one of the canals that has caused major problems in the past. Where MRGO meets the Intracoastal Waterway there is a major area of funneling. The two fronts met at a narrowing point that forms the Industrial Canal and the water height is amplified 20-40%, putting intense pressure on floodwalls causing them to burst. After Hurricane Katrina hit the narrow strip of wetlands between MRGO and Lake Borgne got even smaller, bringing to reality the fear that the two waters might merge into one.MRGO has less than five ships navigating its channel per day; often times only one ship uses the outlet. MRGO has also amplified the wetland loss in the area, allowing salt water to intrude and kill off native vegetation. By keeping only heavily used channels open and turning the rest into trails or parks, flood damage could be reduced. Adding a subterranean drainage system to the city is another idea that engineers have come up with. This w ould include turning some canals into culverts (covering them with trails and parks) and then having heavy duty pumps (located on high ground) to pump the water fully out of the city.The culverts would help channel the water and get it out quickly in times of flood. This is a simple technology, but it is costly running about $1 million per mile of canal. Moving the pumping stations is a relatively simple way to help prevent New Orleans from being overwhelmed. Installing heavy-duty pumping stations on high ground or in areas where they can act as damn-like buffers would allow water to be pumped out even when the city is overwhelmed.During Hurricane Katrina, once the pumping stations were flooded the low areas just continued to rise in water level. Wetland rehabilitation is another plan that could help protect New Orleans from storm surge. Wetlands act as natural barriers against wind-driven waters, but wetlands are being destroyed by saltwater intrusion everyday. Hand planting is ver y costly and time consuming, making it hard to implement. Source: http://www. uwec. edu/jolhm/eh3/group7/futureneworleans. htm

Cross culture awareness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Cross culture awareness - Essay Example Organization culture is key element in the organizational excellence and it existence. Organizational culture is depending on the constructed environment of the organization, office layout, public documents like character and orientation of employees and manners of dress code, visible and audible patterns. This is group culture which is developed or invented by learning, internal integration and external adaptation. Cultural analysis is a key facto for identification and tackles the cultural differences between the parties who participate in a merger (Botha, 2001). Analysis of cultural difference and common factors in both organization and proper interaction between two parties on these difference are plays significant role in the success of a merger. Recruit Right, the company from USA and Managerial Recruiters from Japan decided to merge there business activities due to the market pressure and starts its new operation in Germany targeting the wide opportunity in European Market and also the opportunity to tackle the potential candidates, training program and tax incentives are the major enhancement for the companies to relocate and start its business in Germany. Both companies Recruit right and Managerial recruiters are belonging to two different countries which have totally different cultural. Merging these two companies are causing difficulties or issue not only because two cultural differences, but also the new endeavor they are looking to stars in Germany which is again totally different from the culture belonging to these two companies. It will be a challenge for the company to merge the two different corporate cultures and adopt totally new corporate culture. Corporate culture is the combination of the inherited values, tradition and symbols, which include general image, external and internal, prized rewards, bonus, company housing etc. Every company has its own individual characteristics and entity,

Bitcoin - IT professional and society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bitcoin - IT professional and society - Essay Example It is supported by the network and created as a part of reward for any work to be processed. Furthermore, it is created by users that can offer their computing power for record and verify payments. Most of the transaction and buying are done by the help of credit or debit card. The use of credit card via online is insecure and never supposed to be used by the online users. The transaction done through Bitcoin does not require providing any secret information. People who are the victim of using credit card for online transaction are trying to use Bitcoin as a solution. Bitcoin is safe and required two keys such as private one and public key. Private Key is secret and is not revealed to any users. Public key is the actual Bitcoin address. One of the biggest retailers, Overstick.com is accepting the use of Bitcoin. Lot of major organizations and companies are taking the notice of making transaction secure and trying to implement the use of digital currency, Bitcoin. The introduction of Bitcoin has been one of the debated topics and buzzwords around the world. The effect of Bitcoin on Ecommerce is immense. It is mainly due to the fact that, there are no transaction fees for consumers on the currency. Moreover, the implementation of Bitcoin is secure and low transaction fess required. In addition, transaction can be possible in areas where it is not possible for any option of payment. The potential growth of implementation of Bitcoin is huge and can revolutionize the use of online transaction. The introduction of Satoshi Nakamoto has been for many years now. But it is finally taking its prime position to be on the main stage. The revolutionary currency idea has been a late arrival in the United States. Many other countries have utilized the use of Bitcoin as a potential future payment system. A vacation home can be bought with the help of Bitcoin in Argentina. Dentists in Finland have approved the use of

Energy Anatomy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Energy Anatomy - Assignment Example This paper illustrates some of the chakra principles and how they affect life, health as well as energy Energy anatomy simply illustrates how human bodies are a large energetic work, which also forms the intersection point for the power, spirit and matter (Myss, 2005). The human body has a combination of several locations, which also serves as the reservoirs for the energy; they are known as chakras. It has been discovered that the only way in which these chakras can be balanced, is when individuals adopt the tendency to love themselves and others unconditionally. This is the most effective source of healing. It is impossible for people to have a physical expression without the help of the chakras which act as an open ‘doorway’ for the flow of the emotional, mental and spiritual forces within the human conscience. The energy that is generated from the mental and emotional structures of an individual is what flows within the chakras. It is later distributed to the tissues and cells of the human body. Energy anatomy has been vital especially to the individuals who have been dependent on the modern medication that is costly. This is because it is a self-healing plan that will make anyone lead a balanced life free from traumas, stress, and spiritual imbalance (Myss, 2005). There is a total of 7 chakra energy centre’s that are vital for the well-being of an individual. In chakra one, the most targeted areas during the exercise are the areas that support the spine, bones, legs, rectum, as well as the immune system. When these areas are balanced an individual will become secure in every surrounding, the self-esteem, confidence and feeling of security is which is good for health. Though regular exercises can lead to varicose veins, back pain in the lower parts as well as rectal tumors Chakra 2 is an energy exercise that

Funding Cuts on District Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Funding Cuts on District Schools - Essay Example To ensure that each child is catered for including the disabled and special needs children, district education boards assisted by the federal governments have over the time funded these schools. The district education board also recognizes that aspects of growth in a child are related; which means that the emotional, physical, social and intellectual needs in a child have to be catered for (Farguhar & Fitzsimons, 2007). This has forced the district boards to use massive budgets in employing different types of teachers and other instructors in the different fields to ensure a smooth growth in children under district schools. These areas of child growth make the idea of having several early childhood instructors an important undertaking in all district schools. However, currently, with the economic crisis in federal governments and the overall spending cuts by the central governments, there has been a crisis where the budges under the district schools required to runt these operations have been subjected to massive cuts and strict control in funding of these schools. This has been viewed by many as lack of a strong grip by the federal government on the education system, while others have feared that such massive cuts will affect the quality education for all children in these schools. However, considering the alternative approaches that district schools can apply to balance the effects of budget cuts, these budget cuts would not affect the quality of education in these schools. In most cases, schools are faced with serious budgetary constraints in their performance, which has been explained by many to affect the learning quality especially in early childhood education, where special care has to be taken in offering the children quality care that attributes directly to their growth.

Strategic Crisis Management in Enhancing Business Continuity and Research Paper

Strategic Crisis Management in Enhancing Business Continuity and Stability - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that organizations in different sectors encounter the risk of disruptive events. The effects vary from simple or minor inconvenience that briefly disrupts the usual activities to the closure of the business. This problem necessitates crisis management. Crisis management is an enterprise’s pre-established strategies and activities that are intended for planning, responding as well as rectifying significant disastrous incidents or events An organization’s success is greatly associated with its formulation of crisis management programs which incorporate risk management, disaster recovery, communication and emergency response programs. The organization should develop the competence to respond flexibly and promptly as soon as crisis occurs. Crisis management may include rehearsal and teamwork in the attempt to establish the most appropriate response to unforeseen, detrimental occurrences. If an enterprise is adequately equipped for the most detrimental circumstances, then it is capable of handling other scenarios as well. Businesses can be better equipped to solve sudden events that may possibly result in stern or severe damage, jeopardizing their stability as well as continuity. In respect to business continuity, crisis management will facilitate recognition of potential issues which threaten an enterprise, and provide strategy for establishing resilience as well as the capacity for an efficient reaction. Crisis management facilitates business stability by eliminating or reducing losses associated with unforeseen, negative incidents. Managers encompass a strategic duty and a role to ensure their businesses or organizations are conscious of all aspects of business crises as well as planning in advance so as to minimize their effects. Thesis Statement In respect to business stability, several aspects that are likely to weaken the operations of an organization are emphasized. The essential and fundamental strat egy that various businesses implement to respond to business crisis in an attempt to enhance their stability will be considered. Contributions of crisis management in ensuring continued existence of businesses will also be studied. Speight defined business continuity as the procedure that indicates potential factors that intimidate an enterprise and offers a stratagem for creating flexibility as well as the aptitude for responding to business-related risks effectively. During a business crisis, a response should essentially safeguard stakeholders’ interests, and organization’s brand, reputation, long-term survival as well as value-creating actions. In the article, Speight provided a detailed perspective of crises, emergencies as well as disaster mitigation in an enterprise. The chief business disaster is considered to be an incident that extremely affects business operations with the highest chance of terminating its entire activities. An organization should formulate and adopt several procedures or strategies that it may be used to respond to disasters. Modern techniques used in business continuity management, include business continuity and risk assessment plan which ensures that businesses are resilient as well as prepared to offset risks. These techniques are significant in crisis management since they not only facilitate the assessment of risks but also assist in formulation of risk management plans. The issue of business continuity is identified to be of critical concern which has continuously being researched and enhanced over time. Business continuity aspects are upheld by safety standards or legislation.

Religious terrorists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Religious terrorists - Essay Example In short, religious terrorists are different from secular terrorists because they feel that their deity is commanding them to commit these acts, in addition to having a â€Å"greater purpose† for their actions and wishing to cleanse the world of those that do not believe as they do. The religious terrorist finds justification in their actions by committing grave acts in the name of whatever deity they worship. They consider their act to be an act of duty to their deity, and to them, if it is necessary to give their own life in addition to the lives taken for this cause, then so be it. Consider, for example, the role of suicide bombers. Frequently, those bombers shout prayers before pushing the button that will end their life and others, as they believe that their life’s sacrifice, as part of the war that they are engaged in, is worth it. They believe that when they are dead, they will then automatically be favored in the eyes of their deity; therefore, their sacrifice w as not in vain as they were carrying out the commands given to them. Lives other than their own are also considered acceptable losses in the eyes of the religious terrorist, mainly because their psychosis and/or underlying psychological issues have caused them to believe that everyone would like to die as well, but because their deity has commanded them to do so. Though these persons are most likely suffering from psychosis, such as paranoid schizophrenia or delusions, in their eyes they feel that their deity has commanded them to take these lives, and if necessary, their own. ... Religious terrorists differ from secular terrorists due to the lengths that they are willing to go to achieve their agenda. They believe, whether through psychosis or brainwashing, that they are the only ones that shall inherit the earth, and everyone else must die. It is not enough for the religious terrorist to simply banish those thought of, in their mind, as unclean, unworthy, or otherwise non-favored individuals. Their very existence must be wiped from the earth and the world, never to rise again, and they must not be permitted to spread, for those who believe as the religious terrorist does are the only ones that can be allowed to live. This reason is, I think, the biggest difference between religious and secular terrorists. Religious terrorists are willing to wipe out large portions of people; usually, secular terrorists are not. Though there are incidents of mass destruction when it comes to secular terrorists, without any religious agenda involved, religious terrorists, agai n, believe that they have been commanded to do these works by their deity, while secular terrorists usually do not see the value in mass killings or even mass destruction, as it is usually better (in their opinion) to attack a tactical or strategic target, such as a building. Their attacks are usually small and to the point, seeking to get a point across. For example, while they go after a target, they are not likely to kill anyone else around the primary target. To the religious terrorist, his or her point of view is the only view. You must believe as they do, or you must die. No amount of talking or negotiating will help; different beliefs must be wiped away. This makes the religious

Discuss How the relationship between kinship and politics is Essay

Discuss How the relationship between kinship and politics is illustrated in texts of Aeschylus's Eumenides and extract from Theogony by Hesiod - Essay Example Unknown to Thyestes, Atreus had secretly murdered all of his children and have served them to him in a way that the true origin of the meat was disguised. Needless to say, he had unwittingly eaten his own children. Atreus had revealed to him the true nature of what he has been eating by the end of the meal, and Thyestes, in his rage, called down a curse on Atreus house. With Aegisthus, his sole surviving child, they fled from the house. (2) Agamemnon and Menelaus are Atreus sons. Agamemnon wedded Clytaemestra, and Menelaus wedded Helen. Menelaus wife, however, was seduced by Paris of Troy, with whom she went willingly with back to his city. Agamemnon and Menelaus had arranged the chieftains of Greece into a massive force in retaliation to win her back. The fleet met at Aulis, but was incapable of setting sail due to the anger of the goddess Artemis who had been keeping the weather against them. The prophet Calchas said to Agamemnon that in order to pacify the goddess, the king would have to sacrifice his own daughter, Iphigeneia. As he did so, he and his troops were able to set sail. They waged a war against Troy for ten long years, which eventually destroyed the city and killed or enslaved all of the people in the city. On their journey back home, Agamemnons contingent was faced by a terrible sea storm wherein only Agamemnons ship was able to survive. In his return, Agamemnon brought with him a captive mistress, the prophetess Cassandra. His wife, Clytaemestra, had taken a lover while he was away who just so happened to be Aegisthus, the only surviving son of Thyestes. Not long after Agamemnons return, Clytaemestra murdered the king in his bath. Her next victim was Cassandra. The prophetess, with the conviction that she is incapable of changing her fate decided to walk wittingly towards her own death. (5) Clytaemestra exhibited the corpse of the king while proclaiming that justice had been served. Her motives were a tangled mix

Golden Age of Poverty Reduction Essay Example for Free

Golden Age of Poverty Reduction Essay The presentation of the article related to poverty reduction does not seem too optimistic whether the global aim was actually achieved. Basically, the main argument is that poverty reduction provides only the rate of presented resolutions to alleviate the problem. However, the real figures of people under poverty are not really reflected. As time forwarded from the late 19th century up to the present, there was an actual development of social welfare services especially in the health care sector. This prompted world populations to increase and obtain extended life expectancies. But the issue of disparity between the rich and the poor was not really reduced but worsened. The main factor to blame is the capitalists’ attitude towards profitability. They fuel growth in economies but also become the catalyst for the social inequalities to expand. To summarize the main argument, general poverty incidences could have been reduced more if economic inequality had not worsened (The Free Library, 2006). References The Free Library. 2006. Todays golden age of poverty reduction: the story the World Bank and other agencies dont want you to know. International Economic Publications. Retrieved January 27, 2008 from http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Todays+golden+age+of+poverty+reduction:+the+story+the+world+bank+and+-a0146175404

Impact of federalist on U.S. constitution Essay Example for Free

Impact of federalist on U.S. constitution Essay The Federalist was at first published in New York newspapers with the precise intention of convincing the huge Anti-federalist population of New York to vote in support of the Constitution. Federalist’s thoughts were extensively used by federalists in other states as well. James Madison used this particular document to influence the solid Anti-federalist alliance in Virginia to support the ratification of the constitution. Eventually both states, Virginia and New York approved he constitution, but neither of these states were among the first 9 states who voted in favor, nevertheless the Constitution did go into effect without them sanctioning the proposed Constitution. On the other hand, the publication and collection of the essays into 2 separate volumes offered United States its very own exclusive and distinctive political philosophy. Keeping in mind that the Constitution was legitimately ratified by 9 of the 13 states, the number of votes needed, without the votes of New York and Virginia, it will not be wrong to make an assumption that the Constitution would have been ratified even without The Federalist.. The main significance of The Federalist in the 1788 events was like a sort of debaters handbook in Virginia and New York. Prints of the collected version were hurried to Richmond as to Hamiltons guidance and used positively by supporters of the Constitution in the climactic dispute over ratification. Therefore The Federalist’s recognition was obtained not from the proceedings of a single influential year, but rather from the entire pattern of American history. The Federalist looks like four books in one with an elucidation of the good things of federal government; a condemnation of the Articles of Confederation because of their failure to provide successful government, or to offer a lot in the way of government; an analysis and justification of the new Constitution as a mechanism of providing federalism and constitutionalism; and, illuminating these more realistic topics with an unexpected upsurge of intelligence, an exhibition of specific undergoing truths that give knowledge of both the threats and the satisfaction of free government. The Federalist is nearest to being an innovative piece of work for providing details about the federal form of government. The Federalist is worthy of receiving acknowledgment for the simplicity with which it maintains that â€Å"both levels of government in a federal system must exercise direct authority over individuals, that the central government must enjoy unquestioned supremacy in its assigned fields, and that federalism is to be cherished not alone for its contributions to peace within the land and security without, but for the firm foundation it provides for the enjoyment of individual freedom over a wide expanse of territory. † It could be said easily that The Federalist transformed federalism from a mere system into an article of faith, from a sporadic accident of history into a permanent illustration of the principles of constitutionalism. The pages, which reveal the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, today make an uninteresting portion for reading. However in 1787-88, the same pages made fascinating reading material and countless allies of the new Constitution respected The Federalist mainly because of its pitiless condemnation of the palpable defects of the subsisting Confederation. While indictment was something that had to be completed with force one cannot envy Publius for the joys he might have experienced in ‘beating a horse that may look dead to us but was very much alive to him. ’ And still in the some parts of Federalist numbers 15 to 22 there are concrete annotations on one of the key argument of The Federalist: the dreadful circumstance of a weak government in a disordered society. â€Å"Today, as all through the history of American constitutional development, a particular interpretation of some clause in that document can be given a special flavor of authenticity by a quotation from Publius. If he was understandably wrong in his interpretation of some details in the Constitution for example, in assigning the Senate a share in the power of removal and in giving a purely military cast to the Presidents authority as commander in-chief he was remarkably right about many more. Publius the constitutional lawyer, in the bold person of Hamilton, reached the peak of intellectual power and of historical influence in the breathtaking assertion of judicial review in number 78. †

Public Relation Tactics in the Hotel Industry

Public Relation Tactics in the Hotel Industry Introduction The aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well the product or service fits him and sells itself. According to an American educator and writer Peter F. Drucker. The aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well the product or service fits him and sells itself. According to Al Ries Strategy and timing are Himalayas of marketing. Everything else is Catskills Marketing strategy is a process that can allow an organization to concentrate its limited resources on the greatest opportunities to increase sales and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. A marketing strategy should be centered on the key concept that customer satisfaction is the main goal The tourism consumer is the critical judge of successful marketing and public relations activities. In todays increasingly competitive marketing environment there has been a shift from traditional marketing techniques towards more aggressive and varied approaches to marketing and communication. The change from transactional to relationship management in marketing over the past fifty years has been marked by improvements in consumer satisfaction and client recommendation of repeat purchase of products and services. Brands today are often built with effective PR campaigns and then maintained through a blend of marketing and PR tactics. The impact of the Internet is having profound impact upon PR and Marketing practices enabling PR practitioners to conduct two way communications in order to maintain and enhance customer relationships. MARKETING The Oberoi Group Oberoi Hotels Resorts is famous the world over with providing the right blend of service and luxury. Internationally acclaimed for all-round excellence and unparalleled levels of service, Oberoi hotels and resorts have received innumerable awards and accolades. The Oberoi Vanyavilas, Ranthambore has been ranked the worlds best hotel by Travel and Leisure Readers Poll for 2010, The Oberoi Amarvilas, Agra has been ranked the fifth best in the world, The Oberoi Rajvilas, Jaipur is ranked the thirteenth best and The Oberoi Udaivilas, Udaipur has been ranked the fifteenth best hotel in the world. . Trident hotels are five-star hotels that have established a reputation for excellence and are acknowledged for offering quality and value. At present there are nine Trident hotels in India. These are located in Mumbai at Bandra Kurla and Nariman Point, Gurgaon (Delhi National Capital Region), Chennai, Bhubaneshwar, Cochin, Agra, Jaipur and Udaipur. The Oberoi Group also operates a Trident hotel in the Saudi Arabian city of Jeddah. The Groups commitment to excellence, attention to detail and personalized service has ensured a loyal list of guests and accolades in the worldwide hospitality industry. THE OBEROI The Oberoi, Mumbai (Location) Located in the citys prime business and shopping district of Nariman Point, The Oberoi, Mumbai has been completely redesigned to be the ultimate destination for contemporary style and luxury in the city. Overlooking the Arabian Sea, the hotel is full of space and serenity. Luxuriously appointed guestrooms have been meticulously planned with a host of innovative features using the latest technology. The Oberoi, Mumbai is located on Marine Drive, the famed boulevard along the coast in South Mumbai. An hours drive from the airport and only minutes away from the business, financial and entertainment districts, the hotel is also well located to visit the citys tourist attractions. The hotel offers a rich variety of dining experiences ranging from an all day dining restaurant serving global cuisine, to an Italian Restaurant and a signature Indian restaurant under the direction of a Michelin starred chef. An ideal location for business meetings and conferences in Mumbai, venues range from private meeting rooms at the 24-hours Business Centre to the conference rooms on the top floor of the hotel offering sweeping views of the Arabian Sea. The Oberoi, Mumbai is the ideal hotel for discerning business and leisure travelers. Porters fives forces model is an excellent model to use to analyse a particular environment of an industry . So for example . if we were entering the hotel industry, we would use porters model to help us find out about: Marketing Strategy of Oberoi Hotels Marketing strategy is a method of focusing an organizations energies and resources on a course of action which can lead to increased sales and dominance of a targeted market niche. A marketing strategy combines product development, promotion, distribution, pricing, relationship management and other elements; identifies the firms marketing goals, and explains how they will be achieved, ideally within a stated timeframe. Marketing strategy determines the choice of target market segments, positioning, marketing mix, and allocation of resources. It is most effective when it is an integral component of overall firm strategy, defining how the organization will successfully engage customers, prospects, and competitors in the market arena, corporate strategies, corporate missions, and corporate goals. As the customer constitutes the source of a companys revenue, marketing strategy is closely linked with sales. A key component of marketing strategy is often to keep marketing in line with a co mpanys overarching mission statement. The Oberoi Group, founded in 1934, operates 28 hotels and three cruisers in five countries under the luxury Oberoi and five-star Trident brands. The Group is also engaged in flight catering, airport restaurants, travel and tour services, car rentals, project management and corporate air charters. Oberoi Hotels Resorts is synonymous the world over with providing the right blend of service, luxury and quiet efficiency. Internationally acclaimed for all-round excellence and unparalleled levels of service, Oberoi hotels and resorts have received innumerable awards and accolades. The Oberoi group has tradition of pioneering in the hospitality industry, striving for unsurpassed excellence in high-potential locations all the way from the Middle East to Asia-Pacific. The basic strategies of the Oberoi hotels are: They provide reservation facilities through toll free numbers and online registrations Oberoi hotels and Resorts has partnered with Indias certified airlines to make consumers satisfied. They promote their service through mileage point which provides customers and travelers some offers depending on their points. Providing special offers such as Himalayan Adventure, exotic honeymoon, exotic vacations, Business travel plus etc. Creating and developing customer loyalty Customer service is important for small businesses of any industry, and developing customer loyalty can increase overall engagement and satisfaction with a company. The concept of Marketing emerged in the mid 1950s when the scope shifted from a make-and-sell-attitude to a more customer focused sense-and-respond attitude. In other words the businesses started to find products for their customers rather than finding customers for their products2. Direct marketing, Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and other relationship marketing concepts have been a topic of discussion for practitioners and academics for the later part of the 20th century and is widely claimed to be the future of marketing. Some academics have stated that the concept of relationship marketing is the biggest change in 50 years of marketing and is bringing marketing back to the preindustrial era when the producers and consumers dealt directly with each other3. Relationship marketing is an umbrella term with many subfields and is in general more connected with high-level strategic thinking. CRM has in contrast a stronger connection to marketing strategies over the customer lifetime and understanding the customers needs, attitudes, life stage, profitability and lifetime value. Oberoi Hotels and Resorts, Virgin Atlantic, and Enterprise Rent-A-Car ranked number one in hotel, airline, and rental car industry customer satisfaction, respectively in 2009. In 2009 Oberoi Hotels and Resorts, an Indian brand associated with ultra luxury hotels, earned the highest customer satisfaction score among all hotels (93.7). Midscale without food and beverage (+0.5 to 84.0) improved more than any other segment in 2009. The customer wants value for money and is generally getting discerning. Modern day research being conducted reveals that customer loyalty is taking a back seat. It is now about being innovative, and it is about fulfilling a need not saying, Youre my customer for the last 20 years, and therefore you should be my customer over the next 20. The Oberoi is an organisation that is training oriented, and which has built its brand over the last 30 years. The Oberoi has also exported its brand to some extent internationally. 2Kotler et al., 2009 3Sheth Parvatiyar, 2000 The system therefore that is being put into place is Learn, Perform, Deliver, Reward. A lot of structures are being put into place which are transparent and they created an entire communication drive in order to let people understand how these transparent structures would help them on an ongoing basis. Their vision is to develop their company to achieve world-class standards consistently. The company strategy is based on five important criteria. Job functions have been made more meaningful with new designations and responsibility levels. Rewards will no longer be based on a ten-year system but on performance. With increased responsibility will come greater authority. For greater efforts and increased productivity our people will be rewarded, and Finally, their people shall have more career opportunities in our rapidly growing organisation. They do both internal external customer surveys. When these come in, they have small teams that work towards improvement. Their focus is on Strong People, Product and Processes. Communication has played a tremendous role in getting people to believe them. Oberoi Hotel is synonymous the world over for providing the right blend of service, luxury and quiet efficiency. Internationally recognized for all-round excellence and unparalleled levels of service, Oberoi Hotel has received innumerable awards and accolades. A distinctive feature of The Groups hotel is their highly motivated and well trained staff that provides the kind of attentive, personalized and warm service that is rare today. The hotel provides best facilities like: Combining the finest of all that is contemporary and the best in latest technology with the timeless traditions of Oberoi Hotels Resorts, The Oberoi, Mumbai is the leading choice of business and leisure travelers. The meetings and conference facilities at The Oberoi, Mumbai are designed to accommodate exclusive and intimate business meetings and social gatherings. The well appointed Business Centre features nine meeting rooms that accommodate up to 20 guests. Network and relationship marketing Relationship Marketing was first defined as a form of marketing developed from direct response marketing campaigns which emphasizes customer retention and satisfaction, rather than a dominant focus on sales transactions. As a practice, Relationship Marketing differs from other forms of marketing in that it recognizes the long term value of customer relationships and extends communication beyond intrusive advertising and sales promotional messages. With the growth of the internet and mobile platforms, Relationship Marketing has continued to evolve and move forward as technology opens more collaborative and social communication channels. This includes tools for managing relationships with a customer that goes beyond simple demographic and customer service data. Relationship Marketing extends to include Inbound Marketing efforts, PR, Social Media and Application Development. Just like customer relationship management, (CRM), Relationship Marketing is a broadly recognized, widely-implemented strategy for managing and nurturing a companys interactions with clients and sales prospects. It also involves using technology to organize, synchronize business processes, (principally sales and marketing activities), and most importantly, automate those marketing and communication activities on concrete marketing sequences that could run in autopilot, (also known as marketing sequences). The overall goals are to find, attract and win new clients, nurture and retain those the company already has, entice former clients back into the fold, and reduce the costs of marketing and client service. Once simply a label for a category of software tools, today, it generally denotes a company-wide business strategy embracing all client-facing departments and even beyond. When an implementation is effective, people, processes, and technology work in synergy to increase profitabil ity, and reduce operational costs. Relationship marketing also stresses what it calls internal marketing. This refers to using a marketing orientation within the organization itself. It is claimed that many of the relationship marketing attributes like collaboration, loyalty and trust determine what internal customers say and do. According to this theory, every employee, team, or department in the company is simultaneously a supplier and a customer of services and products. Brand identity and strategy Developing a brand strategy can be one of the most difficult steps in the marketing plan process. Its often the element that causes most businesses the biggest challenge, but its a vital step in creating the company identity. A strong brand is invaluable as the battle for customers intensifies day by day. Its important to spend time investing in researching, defining, and building your brand. A brand is the source of a promise to the consumers. Its a foundational piece in the marketing communication. Defining a Brand This is the first step in the process of developing brand strategy. By defining what the brand is one can create the foundation for all other components to build on. The brand definition will serve as measuring stick in evaluating any and all marketing materials and strategies. Determining The Brands Objectives Critical to effective brand management is the clear definition of the brands audience and the objectives that the brand needs to achieve. The objectives have to be defined and a plan has to be put into place that would help to succeed in meeting them. Focusing on Target Audience The power of brand relies on the ability to focus. That is why defining target market will help to strengthen the brands effectiveness. Discovering and Crushing Brand Barriers When creating the brand strategy for a product or service it is important to perform a careful analysis to determine principal barriers. These barriers are also known as market conditions that can keep the product or service from achieving success. Brand Packaging and Identity Branding is someones identity in the marketplace and the Oberoi brand says what it should. The company image is all about the appearance of the packaging. Successfully out-branding ones competitors is a continuous battle for the hearts and minds of the customers. The proposition the brand strategy makes must be very compelling, attractive and unique among competitive offerings. The proposition must also be consistently reinforced throughout all phases of an organization, from senior executives to customer service, research and development, business development and even any business partners. The brand statement, often called the brand promise or proposition, is a derivative of branding research. It states the benefit of buying and using the companys products or services. For Oberoi industry the brand statement is Our commitment is that every guest leaves satisfied. Oberoi Hotels which is an Indian brand associated with ultra luxury hotels. Founded in 1934, Oberoi manages 30 hotels and 5 luxury cruises under the Oberoi and Trident brands. All the hotels owned by the company across the many segments in India operate under the Oberoi brand name. The usual trend in the international hospitality industry is to have distinct brands for each segment that a hotel group operates in. This strategy ensures that the brand equity is not diluted when the brand enters the business segment or economy hotels segment. But the Oberoi brand has not treaded this path till now. The Oberoi Group has removed the Oberoi brand names from six of its hotels which are not luxury hotels. Simultaneously, it has brought all the luxury palace-hotels previously called villas under the Oberoi brand to convey the brand spirit and strengthen the brand equity. This strategy ensures that Oberoi preserve their brand equity and also facilitates the expansion to other segments by endorsing the sub-brands with their parent brand names. With the Indian travel and tourism industry expected to grow at an annual rate of 8.8% to US$90.4 billion in 2015, these brand maneuvers become very important to ensure the famous Indian hospitality brands are up to the global challenges. Viral and guerilla marketing Guerilla Marketing: Unconventional marketing intended to get maximum results from minimal resources. Viral marketing: Marketing phenomenon that facilitates and encourages people to pass along a marketing message. The concept of guerrilla marketing was invented as an unconventional system of promotions that relies on time, energy and imagination rather than a big marketing budget. Typically, guerrilla marketing campaigns are unexpected and unconventional, potentially interactive, and consumers are targeted in unexpected places. The objective of guerrilla marketing is to create a unique, engaging and thought-provoking concept to generate buzz, and consequently turn viral. The term was coined and defined by Jay Conrad Levinson in his book Guerrilla Marketing. Guerrilla marketing involves unusual approaches such as intercept encounters in public places, street giveaways of products, PR stunts, or any unconventional marketing intended to get maximum results from minimal resources. More innovative approaches to Guerrilla marketing now utilize cutting edge mobile digital technologies to engage the consumer and create a memorable brand experience Guerrilla marketers use all of their contacts, both professional and personal, and examine their company and its products, looking for sources of publicity. Many forms of publicity can be very inexpensive, or even free. Levinson says that when implementing guerrilla marketing tactics, small size is actually an advantage. In The Guerrilla Marketing Handbook, he states: In order to sell a product or a service, a company must establish a relationship with the customer. It must build trust and support. It must understand the customers needs, and it must provide a product that delivers the promised benefits. The Oberoi group has actually implemented this strategy in providing their services and maintaining good relationship with their customers. Strategic Customer Relations For larger-scale enterprises like The Oberoi group, a complete and detailed plan is required to obtain the funding, resources, and company-wide support that can make the initiative of choosing and implementing a system successfully. Benefits must be defined, risks assessed, and cost quantified in three general areas: Processes: Though these systems have many technological components, business processes lie at its core. It can be seen as a more client-centric way of doing business, enabled by technology that consolidates and intelligently distributes pertinent information about clients, sales, marketing effectiveness, responsiveness, and market trends. Therefore, a company must analyze its business workflows and processes before choosing a technology platform; some will likely need re-engineering to better serve the overall goal of winning and satisfying clients. Moreover, planners need to determine the types of client information that are most relevant, and how best to employ them.4 People: For an initiative to be effective, an organization must convince its staff that the new technology and workflows will benefit employees as well as clients. Senior executives need to be strong and visible advocates who can clearly state and support the case for change. Collaboration, teamwork, and two-way communication should be encouraged across hierarchical boundaries, especially with respect to process improvement.5 Technology: In evaluating technology, key factors include alignment with the companys business process strategy and goals, including the ability to deliver the right data to the right employees and sufficient ease of adoption and use. Platform selection is best undertaken by a carefully chosen group of executives who understand the business processes to be automated as well as the software issues. Depending upon the size of the company and the breadth of data, choosing an application can take anywhere from a few weeks to a year or more. 4DestinationCRM.com (2002) 5TechTarget (2009) Strategy Checklist: Planning for CRM and Customer Service Success The three phases in which strategic consumer relations support the relationship between a business and its customers are to: Acquire: Strategic consumer relations can help a business acquire new customers through contact management, selling, and fulfillment.6 Enhance: web-enabled CRM combined with customer service tools offers customers service from a team of sales and service specialists, which offers customers the convenience of one-stop shopping.6 Retain: CRM software and databases enable a business to identify and reward its loyal customers and further develop its targeted marketing and relationship marketing initiatives. Over the last decade, too many organizations have assumed that their products or services were so superior that customers would automatically keep coming back for more. But in order to compete effectively in todays marketplace, organizations must change their strategy to become more customer focused, not product focused. Strategic consumer relation is the best way to integrate this customer-facing approach throughout an organization. 6 James A. OBrien George M. Marakas (2009). Enterprise Business Systems. Management Information Systems. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Effectiveness of e-marketing An e-marketing strategy is needed to provide consistent direction for an organizations e-marketing activities that integrates with its other marketing activities and supports the overall objectives of the business. For many companies, the first forays into e-marketing or Internet marketing are not the result of a well-defined, integrated Internet strategy; rather, they are a response to competitors activities or customers demand. There is no evidence to suggest that the approach to developing and implementing a strategy should be significantly different for e-marketing. Established frameworks for corporate strategy development or strategic marketing planning should still be followed. These frameworks provided a logical sequence to follow which ensures inclusion of all key activities of strategy development. However, with e-marketing there is an even greater need for a highly responsive strategy process model where rapid reaction can occur to events in the marketplace. The use of Soviet-style 5 year planning does not seem appropriate; a preferable approach is an emergent e-marketing strategy process that is part of a continuous improvement. E-business or e-marketing strategy process models tend to share the following characteristics: Continuous internal and external environment scanning or analysis are required. Clear statement of vision and objectives is required. Strategy development can be broken down into formulation and selection. After strategy development, enactment of the strategy occurs as strategy implementation. Control is required to detect problems and adjust the strategy accordingly. They must be responsive to changes in the marketplace. There is four stage models for e-marketing strategy development: 1. Strategic analysis. Continuous scanning of the micro and macro-environment of an organization are required with particular emphasis on the changing needs of customers, actions and business models of competitor and opportunities afforded by new technologies. Techniques include resource analysis, demand analysis and competitor analysis, applications portfolio analysis, SWOT analysis and competitive environment analysis. 2. Strategic objectives. Organizations must have a clear vision on whether digital media will complement or replace other media and their capacity for change. Clear objectives must be defined and in particular goals for the online revenue contribution should be set. 3. Strategy definition. Strategy definition may be denoted by eight factors: Target market strategies. Positioning and differentiation strategies. Resourcing Internet marketing priorities significance to organization. CRM focus and financial control Market and product development strategies. Business and revenue models including product development and pricing strategies. Organizational restructuring required. Channel structure modifications. 4. Strategy implementation It includes devising and executing the tactics needed to achieve strategic objectives. This includes relaunching a web site, campaigns associated with promoting the site and monitoring the effectiveness of the site. The travel industry survives as one of the better performing sectors in e-commerce. With no fulfillment and no need for online payments, the hotel industry is well positioned to capture the full potential of ecommerce while avoiding many of its risks. Despite the burst of the Internet bubble, the promise of the Internet for hoteliers is still real: Online distribution can reduce costs, attract affluent customers and lessen dependency on more traditional and expensive distribution channels. The Oberoi group is providing effective e-marketing services to their customers. Conclusion: Through this assignment I have found that the main purpose of hospitality and tourism industry is to entertain a guest with goodwill. Oberoi hotel is using all the marketing strategies and has developed good customer relationships, which is the reason for their increasing and worldwide growth. Oberoi hotel is always offering a range of facilities and business services like as internet, fax machine. I have found that Oberoi Hotels Resorts are synonymous the world over for providing the right blend of service, luxury and quiet efficiency. Internationally recognized for all-round excellence and unparalleled levels of service, Oberoi Hotels Resorts have received innumerable awards and accolades. A distinctive feature of The Groups hotels is their highly motivated and well trained staff that provides the kind of attentive, personalized and warm service that is rare today. The Groups new luxury hotels have established a reputation for redefining the paradigm of luxury and excellence in s ervice amongst leisure hotels around the world. Recommendation: With the completion of this assignment I know much about how to run a business smoothly and what is required to become a good and successful business man and get good profit. One should be very much clear about what the needs of the customers are and how to satisfy them. Every businessman should give focus on the customer needs because this is first and foremost thing in business. If we make strategies before starting any business then we wont have to face many problems. Organizations should be arranging and delegating work for accomplishment of their goals. Relationship Marketing refers to a long-term and mutually beneficial arrangement where both the buyer and seller have an interest in providing a more satisfying exchange and is essential for any industry to reach high status. A key principle of relationship marketing is the retention of customers through varying means and practices to ensure repeated trade from preexisting customers by satisfying requirements above those of compe ting companies through a mutually beneficial relationship.